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Prinia

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Prinia
Bar-winged prinia (Prinia familiaris)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Cisticolidae
Genus: Prinia
Horsfield, 1821
Type species
Prinia familiaris[1]
Horsfield, 1821
Species

See text

Ashy prinia (Prinia socialis) in Hyderabad, India
Plain prinia (Prinia inornata) in Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Grey-breasted prinia (Prinia hodgsonii) in Shamirpet, Rangareddy district, Andhra Pradesh, India

Prinia is a genus of small insectivorous birds belonging to the passerine bird family Cisticolidae. They were at one time classed in the Old World warbler family, Sylviidae.

The prinias are sometimes referred to as wren-warblers. They are a little-known group of the tropical and subtropical Old World, the roughly thirty species being divided fairly equally between Africa and Asia.

These are birds mainly of open habitats such as long grass or scrub, in which they are not easily seen. They are mainly resident, migration being limited to local cold weather movements. Non-breeding birds may form small flocks.

Prinias have short wings but long tapering tails. They are fairly drab birds, brown or grey above (sometimes with dark streaks) and whitish below. Some species have different breeding and non-breeding plumages. The bill is a typical insectivore's, thin and slightly curved.

Taxonomy

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The genus was erected by the American naturalist Thomas Horsfield in 1821. The type species is the bar-winged prinia (Prinia familiaris).[2][3] The name of the genus is derived from the Javanese prinya, the local name for the bar-winged prinia.[4]

A molecular phylogenetic study of the Cisticolidae published in 2013 found that the rufous-vented grass babbler did not lie within the clade containing the other prinias.[5] Based on this analysis the rufous-vented prinia and the closely related swamp grass babbler were moved to the reinstated genus Laticilla in the family Pellorneidae.[6]

Species

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The genus contains 30 species:[6]

Image Common Name Scientific Name Distribution
Himalayan prinia Prinia crinigera Himalayas and southern China
- Striped prinia Prinia striata China, Taiwan
- Brown prinia Prinia polychroa Indochina and Java
- Burmese prinia Prinia cookie Burma and southern Yunnan
- Annam prinia Prinia rocki Đà Lạt Plateau
Black-throated prinia Prinia atrogularis eastern Himalayas
- Rufous-crowned prinia Prinia khasiana Patkai
Hill prinia Prinia superciliaris southern China and Southeast Asia
Grey-crowned prinia Prinia cinereocapilla Himalayas
Rufous-fronted prinia Prinia buchanani northern half of South Asia
Rufescent prinia Prinia rufescens Indochina and northeast India
Grey-breasted prinia Prinia hodgsonii Indochina and South Asia
Graceful prinia Prinia gracilis Nile valley, coastal East Africa and Western Asia, northern South Asia
Delicate prinia Prinia lepida Middle East and northern South Asia
Jungle prinia Prinia sylvatica India and Sri Lanka
Bar-winged prinia Prinia familiaris Sumatra and Java
Yellow-bellied prinia Prinia flaviventris Indus valley, Himalayas and Southeast Asia
Ashy prinia Prinia socialis South Asia
Tawny-flanked prinia Prinia subflava Sub-Saharan Africa
Plain prinia Prinia inornata Indomalaya
Pale prinia Prinia somalica Horn of Africa
River prinia Prinia fluviatilis western Sahel and far north-western Kenya
Black-chested prinia Prinia flavicans southern Africa
Karoo prinia Prinia maculosa far-southern Namibia, South Africa and Lesotho
Drakensberg prinia Prinia hypoxantha eastern South Africa and Swaziland
São Tomé prinia Prinia mollir São Tomé Island
Banded prinia Prinia bairdii central Africa
- Black-faced prinia Prinia melanops Rwenzori and western Kenya
Red-winged prinia Prinia erythroptera Sub-Saharan Africa (except central, southern and Horn of Africa)
Red-fronted prinia Prinia rufifrons eastern Sahel and Horn of Africa

Species formerly in Prinia but now moved to Laticilla in family Pellorneidae:[5]

References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Prinia.
Wikispecies has information related to Prinia.
  1. ^ "Cisticolidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-15.
  2. ^ Horsfield, Thomas (1821). "Systematic arrangement and description of birds from the Island of Java". Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. 13: 133–200 [165]. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1821.tb00061.x. Title page dated 1822
  3. ^ Mayr, Ernst; Cottrell, G. William, eds. (1986). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 11. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 128.
  4. ^ Jobling, James A. (1991). A Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 189. ISBN 0-19-854634-3.
  5. ^ a b Olsson, U.; Irestedt, M.; Sangster, G.; Ericson, P.G.P.; Alström, P. (2013). "Systematic revision of the avian family Cisticolidae based on a multi-locus phylogeny of all genera". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 66 (3): 790–799. Bibcode:2013MolPE..66..790O. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2012.11.004. PMID 23159891.
  6. ^ a b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2021). "Monarchs". IOC World Bird List Version 11.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 28 July 2021.
  • Nguembock B.; Fjeldsa J.; Tillier A.; Pasquet E. (2007): A phylogeny for the Cisticolidae (Aves: Passeriformes) based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequence data, and a re-interpretation of a unique nest-building specialization. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 42: 272–286.
  • Ryan, Peter (2006). Family Cisticolidae (Cisticolas and allies). pp. 378–492 in del Hoyo J., Elliott A. & Christie D.A. (2006) Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 11. Old World Flycatchers to Old World Warblers Lynx Edicions, Barcelona ISBN 978-84-96553-06-4
  • Urban, E.K.; Fry, C.H. & Keith, S. (1997) The Birds of Africa, vol. 5. Academic Press, London. ISBN 0-12-137305-3
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